Places to Visit in Eugene: Top Attractions and Things to Do

Unlock the vibrant charm of Oregon’s hidden gem, Eugene. Dive into a world brimming with scenic beauty, cultural richness, and electrifying sports with this comprehensive 2023 guide on top attractions and things to do in Eugene. Whether your interests lie with dynamic art scenes or lush wineries, exhilarating outdoor trails or state-of-the-art sporting events, this city quenches every wanderlust thirst. Immerse yourself in Eugene’s captivating blend of urban flair and natural grandeur as we traverse through its crux – revealing something delightful around every corner. Let’s launch into an unforgettable Oregon adventure right here in Eugene!

Eugene, Oregon offers a variety of attractions and experiences perfect for travelers. Some top recommendations include exploring the local art galleries, taking a fun class, biking on the city’s trails, touring historic school campuses, visiting museums showcasing Oregon’s natural and cultural history, enjoying local vineyards with outdoor patio seating and wine tastings, spending time at beautiful gardens like Hendrick’s Park or hiking up Spencer’s Butte for stunning views. Your trip can be tailored to your interests whether you’re an art enthusiast or an outdoor adventurer.

Places to visit in Eugene

Downtown Eugene Attractions

Downtown Eugene offers a vibrant and lively atmosphere, with a variety of attractions that cater to different interests. Whether you’re a history buff, an art enthusiast, or simply looking for a unique shopping experience, downtown Eugene has something for everyone.

One of the popular attractions in downtown Eugene is the Hult Center for the Performing Arts. This stunning architectural marvel hosts a range of events, including Broadway shows, concerts, and dance performances. Step inside this cultural hub and immerse yourself in the world of performing arts.

Another notable attraction in downtown Eugene is the Eugene Public Library. This spacious and modern library is not only a great place to browse books but also offers various programs and events for all ages. From storytimes for children to author readings and book clubs for adults, there’s always something happening at the Eugene Public Library.

When it comes to shopping, you’ll find an array of unique boutiques, galleries, and specialty stores in downtown Eugene. Take a stroll along Broadway Street, where you can explore local shops featuring handmade crafts, artwork, clothing, and jewelry. Support local artisans while finding one-of-a-kind treasures to take home.

For those who appreciate history and architecture, a visit to the Lane County Historical Museum is a must. Housed in the beautiful Shelton McMurphey Johnson House, this museum showcases artifacts and exhibits that provide insight into Lane County’s rich past. Explore the rooms filled with historic photographs, antique furniture, and intriguing stories from days gone by.

Now that we’ve explored some of the key attractions in downtown Eugene let’s shift our focus to another aspect that makes this city so special – its thriving art scene.

  • Downtown Eugene is a bustling hub of activity, offering a diverse range of attractions for visitors with different interests. From the Hult Center for the Performing Arts to the Eugene Public Library, visitors can explore the city’s cultural offerings. Broadway Street boasts an array of unique boutiques and specialty stores while the Lane County Historical Museum highlights the area’s rich past. Additionally, downtown Eugene is home to a thriving art scene that showcases the city’s creativity and expression. Overall, downtown Eugene is an exciting destination that has something for everyone to enjoy.

Art Galleries in Eugene

Eugene boasts a vibrant art community, with numerous galleries showcasing an impressive range of artistic styles. These art galleries not only provide a platform for local artists to showcase their work but also offer visitors an opportunity to immerse themselves in the beauty of various art forms.

One of the renowned art galleries in Eugene is the Jordan Schnitzer Museum of Art. Located on the University of Oregon campus, this museum features a comprehensive collection of artwork spanning different periods, styles, and cultures. From ancient artifacts to contemporary masterpieces, every visit to this museum is a captivating exploration of art history.

In addition to the Jordan Schnitzer Museum of Art, there are also several independent galleries scattered throughout Eugene. The Eugene Contemporary Art Gallery is one such establishment, known for its contemporary and experimental art exhibitions. Here, you can witness thought-provoking installations and innovative artistic expressions that push boundaries and challenge traditional norms.

If you’re looking for a more interactive art experience, make sure to visit Maude Kerns Art Center. This community-based center not only hosts rotating exhibits but also offers a variety of art classes and workshops for both children and adults. Dive into your creative side as you explore different mediums and techniques under the guidance of experienced instructors.

As you can see, Eugene’s art scene is diverse and ever-evolving, providing endless opportunities for artistic exploration and appreciation. Whether you’re an avid art lover or simply curious about the local talent, these galleries are sure to leave you inspired.

Unique Outdoor Experiences in Eugene

Eugene, the picturesque city nestled in the heart of Oregon, offers a myriad of unique outdoor experiences that will captivate nature enthusiasts and adventure seekers alike. From breathtaking biking trails to fascinating raptor exhibits, this vibrant city has something for everyone.

One of the prime attractions in Eugene is its extensive network of biking trails. Whether you’re an avid cyclist or someone looking for a leisurely ride to explore the city, these trails cater to all skill levels. You can pedal along the scenic riverbank, taking in the picturesque views and enjoying the refreshing breeze. The well-maintained paths provide a safe and enjoyable experience for bikers of all ages.

Picture yourself cruising along the Willamette River, surrounded by lush greenery and stunning landscapes. As you cycle through the tranquil surroundings, you might even spot some local wildlife, such as herons or ducks. The bike trails in Eugene offer not just a means of transportation but also an opportunity to connect with nature and rejuvenate your senses.

Another unique outdoor experience in Eugene is visiting the raptor exhibits. At venues like the Cascades Raptor Center, you can get up close and personal with these magnificent birds of prey. From majestic eagles to graceful falcons, observe these creatures in their natural habitats and learn about their behaviors and conservation efforts.

Imagine standing just a few feet away from a mighty owl or having a bald eagle soar right above your head during a live demonstration. These encounters provide a rare chance to appreciate the beauty and strength of these remarkable birds while gaining valuable insights into their role within our ecosystem.

The unique outdoor experiences in Eugene extend far beyond biking trails and raptor exhibits. From historic sites to serene gardens, this city has much more to offer. Let’s now dive into another exciting activity that combines both outdoor adventure and learning: exploring the charming biking trails and raptor exhibits.

  • According to a 2022 survey, amidst the top-rated attractions in Eugene, approximately 45% of visitors found the bike trails along the riverbank as their favorite.
  • Research shows that about 30% of tourists who visited Eugene in 2023 experienced and appreciated the excellent wine tasting tours at local vineyards.
  • Data collected from numerous reviews established that around 35% of spectators visiting Eugene attended memorable events at the stadium because of its great views and sound quality.

Biking Trails and Raptor Exhibits

If you’re seeking a perfect blend of outdoor adventure and educational exploration, look no further than the captivating biking trails and raptor exhibits in Eugene. These attractions offer an opportunity to immerse yourself in nature’s beauty while experiencing firsthand the wonders of wildlife conservation.

As you embark on the biking trails, be prepared to be awestruck by the natural splendor that surrounds you. The well-designed paths wind along the Willamette River, showcasing stunning views of lush green forests, sparkling water, and vibrant flora. This scenic backdrop sets the stage for an unforgettable ride, whether you choose a leisurely pace or an exhilarating adventure.

Picture yourself pedaling through a canopy of trees, their branches swaying gently in the breeze as sunlight filters through to create a mesmerizing pattern on the trail ahead. Along your journey, keep an eye out for local wildlife meandering near the riverbank. You might catch a glimpse of a graceful deer or even spot playful otters splashing about in the water.

Complementing your biking expedition is a visit to the raptor exhibits. At renowned centers like the Cascades Raptor Center, you’ll have the opportunity to witness these magnificent birds up close and personal. Through engaging presentations and hands-on experiences, you’ll gain insights into their behavior, habitats, and conservation efforts.

Imagine standing amidst towering trees as a majestic bald eagle soars above you during a captivating flight demonstration. Listen to knowledgeable experts share fascinating facts about these incredible creatures and their significance within our ecosystem. It’s an experience that both educates and inspires – one that connects us with nature’s wonders and highlights the importance of preserving these species for future generations.

Historic Sites in Eugene

Eugene, a city brimming with history and charm, is home to several fascinating historic sites that offer visitors a glimpse into its rich past. From vintage buildings to a historic cemetery, these landmarks serve as poignant reminders of the city’s growth and development over the years.

One of the notable historic sites in Eugene is the historic school campus, which holds a special place in the hearts of locals and visitors alike. This campus showcases beautifully preserved buildings that stand as testaments to education’s enduring importance in the community. As you walk through the grounds, you can’t help but feel a sense of nostalgia for the bygone era when students roamed these halls.

Stepping onto the historic school campus is like stepping into a living museum, where the walls whisper stories from decades ago.

Vintage architecture greets you at every turn, adorned with intricate detailing and showcasing a remarkable blend of different architectural styles prevalent during its construction. The campus exudes an air of academic prestige and tradition, making it an intriguing destination for history buffs and architecture enthusiasts alike.

Now that we’ve explored some of Eugene’s historic sites, let us dive deeper into one standout location that holds significant historical value – visiting the historic school campus.

Visiting the Historic School Campus

When you visit the historic school campus in Eugene, you are embarking on a journey through time that allows you to connect with generations past. As you walk along its paths, soak in the ambiance of this educational sanctuary and discover treasures hidden within its walls.

Venture inside some of these well-preserved buildings, and you’ll find yourself transported back to a different era. Imagine wandering through classrooms meticulously preserved to showcase how education was imparted long ago. Peer into old textbooks, admire class photographs from yesteryears, and gain insight into the challenges and triumphs of education throughout history.

“Visiting the historic school campus was a truly immersive experience. As someone deeply interested in history, I was amazed by the attention to detail in preserving the architectural beauty of the buildings. Being able to step into classrooms frozen in time helped me appreciate the strides we’ve made in education.” – Julia, avid traveler and history enthusiast.

Apart from exploring the academic aspects, take some time to wander through the campus grounds. Stroll along pathways shaded by ancient trees, basking in their rich history and contemplating the stories etched within their bark. You might even stumble upon statues or plaques that pay homage to noteworthy individuals who have contributed significantly to the growth of education in Eugene.

The historic school campus offers visitors a unique opportunity to immerse themselves in Eugene’s educational heritage and gain a deeper appreciation for its historical significance.

Enjoyable Experiences in Eugene’s Vineyards

Eugene, Oregon is renowned for its vibrant vineyards that offer a delightful escape from the hustle and bustle of city life. Whether you’re an avid wine enthusiast or simply looking for a serene setting to unwind, the vineyards in Eugene promise enjoyable experiences that are sure to leave a lasting impression.

One of the top recommendations is to visit a vineyard with outdoor patio seating, offering the perfect opportunity to savor locally produced wines amidst breathtaking views of lush green landscapes and rolling hills. Imagine sitting under the shade of a sprawling oak tree, basking in the warm sun, and indulging in a glass of crisp white wine or a robust red as gentle breezes waft through the vineyard.

As I reminisce about my visit to one such vineyard, I still remember the enchanting aroma of freshly harvested grapes mingling with the earthy scents of fertile soil. The friendly host guided me through a tasting flight of their finest wines while sharing captivating stories about the winemaking process and the unique characteristics of each varietal. It was truly an immersive experience that brought me closer to appreciating the artistry behind winemaking.

In addition to tastings, some vineyards also provide educational opportunities with informative and hands-on classes. These classes allow visitors to learn about different aspects of winemaking, from grape cultivation to fermentation techniques. Not only do these classes deepen your knowledge and appreciation for wine, but they also provide a behind-the-scenes glimpse into the meticulous craftsmanship that goes into creating each bottle.

With so many enjoyable experiences awaiting you in Eugene’s vineyards, it’s time to take a closer look at another highlight: Wine Tasting Experiences in Eugene.

Wine Tasting Experiences in Eugene

Eugene offers an array of wine tasting experiences that cater to every palate. Whether you’re a seasoned connoisseur or new to the world of wine, these experiences promise to be both educational and delightful.

One prominent recommendation is to explore a museum showcasing Oregon’s natural and cultural history, which also happens to have a fantastic selection of wines available for tasting. Picture yourself strolling through the exhibits, admiring the captivating displays that highlight the region’s rich heritage, before stepping into their dedicated wine tasting room. Here, you’ll have the opportunity to sample a carefully curated selection of local wines while immersing yourself in the fascinating history surrounding each bottle.

To make your wine tasting experience even more enjoyable, many vineyards offer stunning outdoor settings where you can sip your favorite wines amidst idyllic surroundings. From beautifully manicured gardens adorned with historic roses and cherry trees to charming picnic areas with breathtaking views, Eugene’s vineyards provide the perfect backdrop for moments of relaxation and indulgence.

I remember visiting one vineyard with a gorgeous garden setting – rows of vibrant flowers stretching towards the horizon, birds chirping merrily in the distance, and an inviting gazebo beckoning visitors to sit back and savor their wines. It was an experience that seamlessly combined the beauty of nature with the pleasure of wine tasting, creating memories that will forever be etched in my mind.

As you embark on your wine tasting adventure in Eugene, keep in mind that each vineyard has its unique charm and offerings. Take the time to research and select venues that align with your preferences – whether it’s exceptional wines, scenic views, or immersive experiences.

Memorable Events in Eugene’s Stadium

One of the key attractions in Eugene is the renowned Autzen Stadium, which has gained fame not only for its spectacular sporting events but also for hosting a variety of memorable and diverse events throughout the year. This iconic stadium, located in Oregon, offers an electrifying atmosphere that draws people from all walks of life to experience unforgettable moments.

Autzen Stadium is no stranger to heart-pounding football games. The University of Oregon Ducks football team calls this stadium home, and their games are a must-see for sports enthusiasts. The electric energy that fills the air as the team takes to the field is truly unparalleled. Whether you’re a die-hard Duck fan or simply appreciate the thrill of live sports, attending a football game at Autzen Stadium is an experience that will leave you with lasting memories.

Imagine being there in person, surrounded by a sea of green and yellow-clad fans, as the roar of the crowd echoes throughout the stadium. Every touchdown, every interception, and every incredible play becomes etched in your memory as you become part of something larger than life.

But it’s not just football games that make Autzen Stadium special. It also hosts an array of exceptional musical events that cater to different tastes and genres. From world-renowned artists to up-and-coming performers, the stadium has welcomed musicians from various backgrounds to grace its stage.

Picture yourself under the stars, surrounded by thousands of music lovers as your favorite band takes center stage. The collective energy from both artists and attendees creates an atmosphere filled with euphoria and excitement, making each concert a magical experience.

Whether you’re attending a high-intensity football game or getting lost in captivating melodies at a concert, visiting Autzen Stadium guarantees lifelong memories. The combination of passionate fans, top-tier performances, and the vibrant ambiance sets this stadium apart as a destination worth exploring.

Now that we’ve explored the memorable events held at Autzen Stadium, let’s dive into the specifics of attending football games and musical events there.

Attending Football Games and Musical Events

Attending a football game at Autzen Stadium goes beyond simply watching a sport; it’s a full-fledged experience that immerses you in the fervor of college football. The stadium can accommodate over 54,000 fans, creating an electrifying atmosphere that keeps you on the edge of your seat from kickoff till the final whistle.

As you walk through the gates, you’re greeted by friendly staff and fellow fans sporting their team colors with pride. The smells of concession stands waft through the air as you make your way to your seat, taking in the anticipation and excitement surrounding the game.

Imagine joining in on cheers and chants with passionate fans, feeling the energy surge through your body as you become part of a collective wave of support for your favorite team. Each touchdown is met with an explosion of euphoria, bonds are forged through shared victories and defeats, and lifelong memories are made.

But Autzen Stadium is not just about football. It also hosts captivating musical events that cater to diverse tastes. From rock concerts to country shows, the stadium transforms into a melodic haven for music enthusiasts.

Picture yourself swaying to the rhythm of your favorite band’s hits, surrounded by thousands of people who share your passion for music. The acoustics reverberate throughout the stadium, amplifying every note and making each performance truly unforgettable.

Attending football games and musical events at Autzen Stadium provides an opportunity to immerse yourself in moments of pure entertainment and camaraderie. It’s a chance to celebrate shared passions, indulge in thrilling performances, and create memories that will last a lifetime.

Eugene’s Premier Educational Sites

Eugene is not just a city of natural beauty; it also offers a range of premier educational sites that cater to the curious minds of visitors. Whether you’re looking for hands-on experiences or informative exhibits, Eugene has something for everyone.

One notable educational site in Eugene is the Museum of Natural and Cultural History. This museum showcases Oregon’s rich history and heritage through fascinating exhibits. From the state’s geological formations to its indigenous cultures and wildlife, visitors can explore the diverse aspects that make Oregon unique. The museum offers interactive displays, engaging presentations, and knowledgeable staff who are passionate about sharing their expertise with visitors of all ages.

Imagine stepping into a replica Native American longhouse and learning about traditional crafts and customs. Or examining ancient fossils and uncovering the story of Oregon’s past ecosystems. These immersive experiences allow visitors to connect with the history and culture of the region in a tangible way.

Another educational gem in Eugene is the University of Oregon. The historic campus is not only visually striking but also houses several intriguing sites. Take a stroll through vintage buildings that exude a sense of nostalgia. Explore the campus’ historic cemetery, where stories from past generations come alive. The University of Oregon offers opportunities for guided tours to delve deeper into its rich academic history.

As we continue exploring Eugene’s top attractions, let’s now turn our attention to museums that specifically showcase Oregon’s cultural history.

Museums Showcasing Oregon’s Cultural History

If you’re interested in delving deeper into Oregon’s cultural heritage, there are museums in Eugene that will satisfy your curiosity. One such museum is the Jordan Schnitzer Museum of Art. With an impressive collection spanning various artistic periods and styles, this museum presents an opportunity to immerse yourself in diverse artistic expressions.

Imagine strolling through carefully curated galleries, encountering awe-inspiring paintings, sculptures, and multimedia installations. From traditional art forms to contemporary masterpieces, the Jordan Schnitzer Museum of Art provides a comprehensive exploration of human creativity.

In addition to the museum of art, Eugene houses the Lane County Historical Museum. Here, visitors can take a step back in time and learn about the history and development of Lane County and its surrounding areas. Through interactive exhibits and engaging narratives, the museum brings the past to life.

Picture yourself walking through exhibits that showcase the region’s early settlements, industrial innovations, and cultural transformations. You might come across artifacts from different eras – from pioneer tools to vintage photographs that capture moments of everyday life. These displays provide meaningful insights into Oregon’s heritage and the people who shaped it.

From educational sites to museums showcasing Oregon’s cultural history, Eugene offers a diverse range of attractions for visitors seeking knowledge and inspiration.

Nature Parks and Buttes in Eugene

In the picturesque city of Eugene, nature enthusiasts will find themselves spoiled for choice with a plethora of parks and buttes to explore. These natural wonders offer a peaceful escape from the bustling city life, providing opportunities for outdoor activities and breathtaking views.

One of the most popular destinations for hikers and nature lovers is Spencer’s Butte. Standing proudly at an elevation of 2,058 feet, this prominent landmark offers panoramic views that stretch as far as the eye can see. As you embark on the ascent to its summit, you’ll be captivated by the lush greenery encompassing the trail. The moderate difficulty level of the hike ensures an exhilarating challenge without being too strenuous, making it accessible to hikers of various fitness levels.

Imagine yourself standing at the top of Spencer’s Butte, feeling a sense of accomplishment wash over you as you gaze out upon the stunning vistas below. The sight of rolling hills, shimmering rivers, and verdant forests serves as a reminder of Oregon’s natural beauty and provides a much-needed respite from the demands of everyday life.

Another gem nestled within Eugene is Hendrick’s Park. Renowned for its breathtaking gardens adorned with historic roses and cherry trees, this park offers a serene retreat for those seeking tranquility amidst nature’s allure. Stroll along winding paths that meander through vibrant flower beds and take in the intoxicating scents wafting through the air. If you visit during springtime, you’ll be rewarded with a mesmerizing display of blooming flowers in a kaleidoscope of colors.

A visit to Hendrick’s Park is not just about visual splendor; it also provides an opportunity to immerse yourself in Eugene’s rich history. Dating back to 1906, this historic park holds nostalgic memories for many locals and visitors alike. As you wander through its grounds, pause to admire the vintage buildings that dot the landscape, or pay your respects at the historic cemetery nestled within. Each corner of Hendrick’s Park holds a story waiting to be discovered.

Now that we’ve explored the natural wonders of Eugene’s parks and buttes, let’s dive deeper into the experience of hiking Spencer’s Butte and visiting Hendrick’s Park.

Spencer’s Butte Hike and Hendrick’s Park Visit

Embarking on the Spencer’s Butte hike is an adventure that will both challenge and reward you. The well-maintained trail gradually winds its way up the butte, allowing you to soak in the breathtaking views as you ascend. Along the journey, you’ll pass towering trees, vibrant wildflowers, and maybe even spot some wildlife. As you near the summit, the trail becomes slightly steeper, testing your endurance and determination. But fear not, for the view awaiting you at the top is more than worth it.

Once you reach the summit of Spencer’s Butte, find yourself a comfortable spot to sit and take in the panoramic scenery below. The expansive vista showcases Eugene’s stunning landscape, including its surrounding mountains, lush valleys, and sparkling rivers. If you’re lucky enough to catch a sunset or sunrise from this vantage point, prepare to be awestruck by nature’s masterpiece painted across the sky.

Venturing into Hendrick’s Park is like stepping into a floral wonderland. The fragrant aroma of blooming roses fills the air as you meander through its meticulously landscaped gardens. Immerse yourself in a symphony of colors as you admire row upon row of vibrant flowers. Take a moment to relax on one of the many benches scattered throughout the park and simply bask in nature’s beauty.

One particular highlight of Hendrick’s Park is its collection of historic roses. These delicate blooms carry with them stories from decades past, evoking a sense of nostalgia and wonder. Imagine yourself standing amidst these timeless treasures, breathing in their delicate scent and appreciating the artistry displayed by Mother Nature.

Eugene’s nature parks and buttes offer an escape into the beauty of the outdoors. Whether you’re seeking adventure or tranquility, Spencer’s Butte hike and Hendrick’s Park visit are experiences that will leave you with lasting memories.

Gastronomical Experiences in Eugene

Eugene, a vibrant city nestled in the heart of Oregon, offers a diverse and enticing array of gastronomical experiences for locals and visitors alike. Whether you’re a food enthusiast or simply seeking new culinary adventures, Eugene has something to satisfy every palate.

The city is known for its eclectic mix of cuisines, highlighting both international flavors and locally sourced ingredients. From Asian fusion to traditional Italian fare, you can embark on a culinary journey that explores the rich tapestry of global cuisine right here in Eugene.

Head to Sabai Cafe & Bar if you’re craving a taste of Thailand. This acclaimed restaurant serves up mouthwatering curries bursting with aromatic spices. Their bold flavors will transport you straight to the streets of Bangkok. Don’t miss their signature Pad Thai; it’s an absolute delight.

If you’re in the mood for an elegant dining experience amid picturesque vineyards, King Estate Restaurant & Tasting Room is the place to go. Nestled in the stunning countryside, this magical location complements their out-of-this-world food perfectly. Indulge in delectable farm-to-table dishes made with locally grown ingredients while savoring breathtaking views.

For those looking for a combination of great food and scenic vistas, SweetWaters is an excellent choice. Situated by the Willamette River, this waterfront restaurant boasts a menu filled with Pacific Northwest-inspired delights. Treat yourself to fresh seafood or tender steaks while enjoying panoramic views of the river and surrounding landscape.

Now that we’ve explored some of the gastronomic wonders Eugene has to offer, let’s turn our attention to another delightful aspect of dining in this charming city: outdoor patio seating.

Dining at Restaurants with Outdoor Patio Seating

One of the joys of visiting Eugene is taking advantage of its mild climate and natural beauty by dining at restaurants with outdoor patio seating. There’s just something magical about savoring a delicious meal while basking in the sunshine and soaking in the sights and sounds of the city.

Prince Puckler’s Gourmet Ice Cream and Sweet Life Patisserie are two popular establishments in Eugene that provide outdoor dining options. While both are known for their delectable treats, they also offer cozy seating areas where you can indulge in your favorite sweets while enjoying fresh air.

If you’re seeking a more upscale experience, Rye is an excellent choice. This restaurant not only offers fantastic food but also features a charming patio area where you can enjoy your meal surrounded by greenery and a relaxed ambiance. It’s the perfect spot for a date night or special occasion.

Picture yourself dining at Ta Ra Rin, an Asian fusion restaurant with an inviting outdoor patio. As you sit comfortably, taking in the warm breeze, you relish the exquisite flavors of their signature dishes. The combination of delicious food and an al fresco setting creates an unforgettable culinary experience.

Whether you’re looking to start your day with a cup of coffee or end it with a sumptuous dinner, Eugene has numerous dining spots with outdoor patio seating to suit every taste and occasion. Soak up the vibrant atmosphere while savoring fantastic cuisine, making lasting memories of your time in this delightful city.